I'd like to point out that in California you HAVE to get your permit before you go for your license/get behide the wheel. It's just a written test that you get 3 chances at (you can take all in the same day), and once you pass you can legally drive with any licensed driver 18 or older. I forget how many you are allowed to miss, but the test is hella easy and mostly just common sense. Once you get your permit, you can then make a driving test appointment (right there or wait and make one online later). Odds are that there won't be an open appointment for a month anyways, and if you don't feel like you're ready when your test comes up you can always just cancel and reschedule. Anyways, to get your permit you just need either a California ID or your birth certificate (the real deal, no copies) and $28 and you'll get the forms at the DMV to fill out.
EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW:
http://dmv.ca.gov/ (also, pick up a booklet at your local DMV, it has all the laws and whatnot that you need to know [and the website also has practice permit tests, take them, they help!])
Also, getting your permit might help you in other ways too. Once I got my brother to take me to get my permit, my parents started taking me seriously and stopped ignoring me/making excuses and actually started teaching me to drive. So maybe your mom will help you once you get your permit? Your friends might actually come through too. Especially since if you don't have a permit or license and get pulled over, you're kinda fucked.